IF=43.474!Immunity|宋威团队揭示癌症恶液质的致病机理:肠道-肾脏免疫轴和尿酸代谢
日期:2023-04-03 09:20:46
以往利用不同的小鼠肿瘤模型,研究人员发现恶性肿瘤可通过分泌蛋白,如IL-6、TNF-a、Activin A、LIF等,促进宿主消耗(Baracos et al., 2018)。然而这些研究通常在无特定病原微生物(SPF)条件下完成,因此忽视了环境中微生物如细菌、真菌、病毒等以及宿主免疫反应的作用。
利用果蝇恶液质模型,研究人员鉴定了一系列肿瘤分泌蛋白,如ImpL2、Pvf1和Upd3等,分别通过insulin、MEK和Jak/Stat信号通路来远程破坏宿主器官代谢平衡,造成宿主消耗(Ding et al., 2021; Kwon et al., 2015; Lodge et al., 2021; Song et al., 2019)。
2022年8月26日,武汉大学免疫与代谢前沿科学中心/中南医院医学研究院/泰康生命医学中心的宋威课题组在《Immunity》杂志上发表题为"Renal NF-kB activation impairs uric acid homeostasis to promote tumor-associated mortality independent of wasting"的研究论文。
3SA(人体YAP1同源物),诱导肠道干细胞过度增殖形成肠道恶性肿瘤。在该研究中,研究人员首先发现yki3SA果蝇体内细菌增殖和系统IMD-NF-κB活化,延长荷瘤果蝇的寿命。遗传学上回复肠道PGRP-SC2(在本研究中被鉴定为一种全新的具有广谱抗菌功能的分泌型酰胺酶)表达也可以在不影响肠道肿瘤的前提下抑制细菌增殖和IMD-NF-κB活化、延长果蝇寿命。
3SA果蝇马氏管中的IMD-NF-κB通路,而不是传统认为的肌肉、脂肪和大脑组织,可以有效缓解yki3SA荷瘤果蝇的马氏管中IMD-NF-κB活化可以造成尿酸堆积、促进机体死亡;喂食别嘌呤醇(Allopurinol)抑制尿酸合成或在马氏管中特异阻断IMD-NF-κB通路可有效缓解yki
总之,该研究发现环境微生物、肠道细菌、肾脏IMD-NF-κB免疫反应和尿酸代谢是恶性肿瘤导致机体死亡的重要因素,且独立于目前已知的肿瘤相关的机体消耗,为深入理解肿瘤-宿主互作、实现荷瘤生存提供了新的角度。
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