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  4. Recombinant Mouse Gremlin-1 (Grem1)

Recombinant Mouse Gremlin-1 (Grem1)

  • 货号：
    CSB-YP009892MO
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    Yeast
  • 其他：
  • 货号：
    CSB-EP009892MO
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    E.coli
  • 其他：
  • 货号：
    CSB-EP009892MO-B
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    E.coli
  • 共轭：
    Avi-tag Biotinylated

    E. coli biotin ligase (BirA) is highly specific in covalently attaching biotin to the 15 amino acid AviTag peptide. This recombinant protein was biotinylated in vivo by AviTag-BirA technology, which method is BriA catalyzes amide linkage between the biotin and the specific lysine of the AviTag.

  • 其他：
  • 货号：
    CSB-BP009892MO
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    Baculovirus
  • 其他：
  • 货号：
    CSB-MP009892MO
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    Mammalian cell
  • 其他：

产品详情

  • 纯度：
    >85% (SDS-PAGE)
  • 基因名：
    Grem1
  • Uniprot No.：
  • 别名：
    Grem1; Cktsf1b1; DrmGremlin-1; Cysteine knot superfamily 1; BMP antagonist 1; Down-regulated in Mos-transformed cells protein
  • 种属：
    Mus musculus (Mouse)
  • 蛋白长度：
    Full Length of Mature Protein
  • 表达区域：
    25-184
  • 氨基酸序列
    KKKGSQ GAIPPPDKAQ HNDSEQTQSP PQPGSRTRGR GQGRGTAMPG EEVLESSQEA LHVTERKYLK RDWCKTQPLK QTIHEEGCNS RTIINRFCYG QCNSFYIPRH IRKEEGSFQS CSFCKPKKFT TMMVTLNCPE LQPPTKKKRV TRVKQCRCIS IDLD
  • 蛋白标签：
    Tag type will be determined during the manufacturing process.
    The tag type will be determined during production process. If you have specified tag type, please tell us and we will develop the specified tag preferentially.
  • 产品提供形式：
    Lyophilized powder
    Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.
  • 复溶：
    We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
  • 储存条件：
    Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 保质期：
    The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
    Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
  • 货期：
    Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
    Note: All of our proteins are default shipped with normal blue ice packs, if you request to ship with dry ice, please communicate with us in advance and extra fees will be charged.
  • 注意事项：
    Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
  • Datasheet ：
    Please contact us to get it.

产品评价

靶点详情

  • 功能：
    Cytokine that may play an important role during carcinogenesis and metanephric kidney organogenesis, as BMP a antagonist required for early limb outgrowth and patterning in maintaining the FGF4-SHH feedback loop. Down-regulates the BMP4 signaling in a dose-dependent manner. Antagonist of BMP2; inhibits BMP2-mediated differentiation of osteoblasts (in vitro). Acts as inhibitor of monocyte chemotaxis.
  • 基因功能参考文献：
    1. remlin can aggravate podocyte lesions through the TGF-beta signaling pathway. PMID: 29315280
    2. We conclude that gremlin promotes RPE cell proliferation, migration and VEGF production possibly via activating VEGFR2-Akt-mTORC2 signaling. Gremlin could be a novel therapeutic target of ROP or other retinal vasoproliferation diseases. PMID: 27894090
    3. Wild-type gremlin is able to bind broadly across the various regions of kidney in an heparin sulfate-dependent manner, with particularly intense binding to tubular structures in the renal cortex. In a model of chronic kidney disease, fibrotic changes in the kidney result in a loss of gremlin binding sites. Gremlin mutants with reduced affinity for heparin showed negligible binding under the same conditions. PMID: 27979781
    4. involved in regulation of bone morphogenetic protein activities in cartilage tissues in the adult skeleton PMID: 27769098
    5. Grem1 expression in the tubular epithelial compartment plays a significant role in the fibrotic response to renal injury in vivo. PMID: 28100499
    6. Gremlin-1 protein expression was detected specifically in the lung after birth and did not result in any signs of respiratory insufficiency. CXCL10 chemokine levels correlate negatively with gremlin-1 levels in mouse and human lung. PMID: 27428020
    7. Data show that parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) regulates gremlin levels in pancreatic acinar and stellate cells. PMID: 26495794
    8. Gremlin is a key pro-fibrogenic factor in chronic pancreatitis PMID: 26141517
    9. Gremlin/VEGFR2 axis participates in renal inflammation and could be a novel target for kidney disease. PMID: 25810250
    10. GREM1 induces fibrosis and angiogenesis in mouse peritoneum and is associated with increased solute transport in peritoneal dialysis patients. PMID: 25194662
    11. Grem1 expression identifies distinct connective tissue stem cells in both the bone (osteochondroreticular stem cells) and the intestine (reticular stem cells). PMID: 25594183
    12. A Gli-dependent cis-regulatory module (CRM), regulation of Grem1 in the mouse limb bud, is reported. PMID: 24700818
    13. Suggest cross-talk between angiogenesis and inflammation and demonstrate a crucial role of CREB activation in the modulation of the VEGFR2-mediated proinflammatory/proangiogenic response of endothelial cells to gremlin. PMID: 24233491
    14. The present data disclose that Gremlin-1 is an endogenous antagonist of MIF and define a role for Gremlin-1/MIF interaction in atherosclerosis. PMID: 24003215
    15. endogenous Gremlin blockade inhibited TGF-beta-mediated matrix production and epithelial mesenchymal transition in kidney fibroblasts PMID: 23548835
    16. gremlin was clearly elevated in high glucose cultured mouse podocytes, and likely employed endogenous canonical TGFbeta1/Smad signaling to induce podocyte injury. Knockdown gremlin1 by siRNA may be clinically useful in the attenuation of podocyte injury. PMID: 23553804
    17. This study establishes that distant cis-regulatory regions scattered through a larger genomic landscape control the highly dynamic expression of Grem1, which is key to normal progression of mouse limb bud development. PMID: 22888807
    18. The results demonstrate a non-redundant role for alpha(v)beta(3) in gremlin-induced angiogenesis. PMID: 23053782
    19. Gremlin1 was down-regulated by BMP2 PMID: 22644325
    20. Grem1 is an inhibitor of embryonic fibroblast proliferation in vitro. PMID: 22182508
    21. role in the regulation of oocyte numbers and the timing of primordial follicle development PMID: 21832168
    22. gremlin 1 was further increased in the walls of small intrapulmonary vessels of mice during the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension PMID: 22247494
    23. Grem1 is not only necessary for skeletal development, but also for postnatal skeletal homeostasis PMID: 21412775
    24. Gremlin-mediated BMP inhibition results in activation of epithelial cells and transient fibrosis, but also induction of epithelium-protective FGF10 PMID: 20705941
    25. Nov stabilizes gremlin transcripts, and this effect is possibly mediated by AU-rich elements present in the 3'-UTR of gremlin. PMID: 21268093
    26. Nog and Grem1 cooperate to maintain a BMP signaling-free zone that is a crucial prerequisite for Hh-mediated sclerotome induction. PMID: 21303853
    27. Study conclude that inhibition of Gremlin exerts beneficial effects on the diabetic kidney mainly through maintenance of BMP-7 activity and that Gremlin may serve as a novel therapeutic target in the management of diabetic nephropathy. PMID: 20661431
    28. gremlin modulates the cross-talk between GDF9 and BMP signaling that is necessary during follicle development PMID: 15133038
    29. Gremlin-mediated BMP antagonism induces the epithelial-mesenchymal feedback signaling controlling metanephric kidney and limb organogenesis PMID: 15201225
    30. study is the first to show that peripheral benzodiazepine receptor and DRM/gremlin are expressed in preadipocyte cell lines and that they are differentially regulated during adipogenesis PMID: 15919833
    31. gremlin and insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins have roles in liver fibrogenesis PMID: 16606614
    32. an intracellular gremlin-BMP4 interaction negatively regulates BMP4 activation and secretion PMID: 16880207
    33. The BMP antagonist gremlin 1 (GREM1) controls gene expression in the digit-forming mesenchyme of mouse limb buds PMID: 16908629
    34. point capacity of Drm/gremlin to interact directly with target endothelial cells and to modulate angiogenesis PMID: 17077323
    35. Limb deformity phenotype is characterized by developmental failure of distal limb structures and is caused either through mutation of Grem1, or by loss of a transcriptional control region. PMID: 17554679
    36. Conditional deletion of Grem1 causes a transient increase in bone formation and bone mass. PMID: 17785465
    37. Gremlin mRNA levels were up-regulated in the asbestos-exposed mouse lungs PMID: 17975199
    38. Notch pathway gene expression is elevated in diabetic nephropathy, co-incident with Gremlin, and may contribute to the pathogenesis of this dise PMID: 17980714
    39. the mechanisms of pulmonary hypertension and vascular loss in chronic lung disease and identifies gremlin 1 as a potentially important mediator of vascular changes in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. PMID: 18469115
    40. the proangiogenic activity of Drm is mediated by the activation of an Ang-1-dependent autocrine loop of stimulation in EC. PMID: 18505784
    41. In vitro studies using murine pulp cells revealed that gremlin inhibited BMP-4 mediated induction of Dspp. Balanced interactions between BMP agonists/antagonists are required for proper development of teeth and surrounding tissues. PMID: 19085239
    42. Knockout mice heterozygous for grem1 gene deletion exhibit protection from the progression of diabetic kidney disease in a streptozotocin-induced model of type 1 diabetes. PMID: 19401426
    43. This study indicates a prominent role for gremlin in central epiphyseal development compared to its role in physeal development. PMID: 19818739

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  • 亚细胞定位：
    Secreted.
  • 蛋白家族：
    DAN family
  • 组织特异性：
    Highly expressed in spleen and to a lesser extent in lung, skeletal muscle and kidney. Expressed only in non-transformed cells or primary fibroblasts in culture but not in established transformed or tumor derived cell lines. Broadly expressed in limb bud
  • 数据库链接：

    KEGG: mmu:23892

    STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000097170

    UniGene: Mm.166318