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  4. Phospho-EIF2S1 (S51) Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

Phospho-EIF2S1 (S51) Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

  • 货号：
    CSB-RA007523A51phHU
  • 规格：
    ￥1320
  • 图片：
    • Western Blot
      Positive WB detected in Hela whole cell lysate(treated with Calyculin A or EGF)
      All lanes Phospho-EIF2S1 antibody at 1.48μg/ml
      Secondary
      Goat polyclonal to rabbit IgG at 1/50000 dilution
      Predicted band size: 36 KDa
      Observed band size: 36 KDa
    • IHC image of CSB-RA007523A51phHU diluted at 1:100 and staining in paraffin-embedded human breast cancer performed on a Leica BondTM system. After dewaxing and hydration, antigen retrieval was mediated by high pressure in a citrate buffer (pH 6.0). Section was blocked with 10% normal goat serum 30min at RT. Then primary antibody (1% BSA) was incubated at 4℃ overnight. The primary is detected by a biotinylated secondary antibody and visualized using an HRP conjugated SP system.
    • IHC image of CSB-RA007523A51phHU diluted at 1:100 and staining in paraffin-embedded human liver cancer performed on a Leica BondTM system. After dewaxing and hydration, antigen retrieval was mediated by high pressure in a citrate buffer (pH 6.0). Section was blocked with 10% normal goat serum 30min at RT. Then primary antibody (1% BSA) was incubated at 4℃ overnight. The primary is detected by a biotinylated secondary antibody and visualized using an HRP conjugated SP system.
    • Immunofluorescence staining of A549 cells(treated with 100ng/ml EGF for 20min) with CSB-RA007523A51phHU at 1:100,counter-stained with DAPI. The cells were fixed in 4% formaldehyde, permeabilized using 0.2% Triton X-100 and blocked in 10% normal Goat Serum. The cells were then incubated with the antibody overnight at 4℃. The secondary antibody was Alexa Fluor 488-congugated AffiniPure Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L).
  • 其他：

产品详情

  • 产品描述：

    Anti-phospho-EIF2S1 (S51) antibody is a recombinant monoclonal antibody that recognizes the human EIF2S1 phosphorylated at Ser51 residue. This phospho-EIF2S1 antibody was drawn and isolated from the cell culture supernatant that cultivates the mammalian cell lines containing vectors of the human phospho-EIF2S1 (S51) monoclonal antibody gene. This anti-phospho-EIF2S1 (S51) antibody underwent affinity-chromatography purification. It can be used for ELISA, WB, IHC, and IF testing with human samples.

    The phosphorylation of the EIF2S1 protein is a crucial mechanism for translation control. Phosphorylation of EIF2S1 on residue S51 results in a stable (EIF2–GDP)–EIF2B interaction, which limits the GDP–GTP exchange and prevents active EIF2 liberation, reducing translation initiation. EIF2S1 has been demonstrated to be required for tumorigenesis and progression since tumors have a higher integrated stress response (ISR) than normal tissue in tumorigenesis, during which EIF2S1 maintains efficient translation of numerous genes involved in tumorigenesis.

  • Uniprot No.：
    P05198
  • 基因名：
  • 别名：
    EIF 2 alpha antibody; EIF 2 antibody; EIF 2A antibody; EIF 2alpha antibody; eIF-2-alpha antibody; eIF-2A antibody; EIF-2alpha antibody; EIF2 alpha antibody; EIF2 antibody; EIF2A antibody; EIF2S1 antibody; Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 alpha 35kDa antibody; Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 alpha antibody; Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 antibody; Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha antibody; IF2A_HUMAN antibody
  • 反应种属：
    Human
  • 免疫原：
    A synthesized peptide derived from Human Phospho-EIF2S1 (S51)
  • 免疫原种属：
    Homo sapiens (Human)
  • 标记方式：
    Non-conjugated
  • 克隆类型：
    Monoclonal
  • 抗体亚型：
    Rabbit IgG
  • 纯化方式：
    Affinity-chromatography
  • 克隆号：
    1C6
  • 浓度：
    It differs from different batches. Please contact us to confirm it.
  • 保存缓冲液：
    Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
  • 产品提供形式：
    Liquid
  • 应用范围：
    ELISA, WB, IHC, IF
  • 推荐稀释比：
    Application Recommended Dilution
    WB 1:500-1:5000
    IHC 1:50-1:200
    IF 1:20-1:200
  • Protocols：
  • 储存条件：
    Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
  • 货期：
    Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.

产品评价

靶点详情

  • 功能：
    Functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. This complex binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S pre-initiation complex. Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF-2 and release of an eIF-2-GDP binary complex. In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF-2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed by eIF-2B. EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha is a key component of the integrated stress response (ISR), required for adaptation to various stress: phosphorylation by metabolic-stress sensing protein kinases (EIF2AK1/HRI, EIF2AK2/PKR, EIF2AK3/PERK and EIF2AK4/GCN2) in response to stress converts EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, leading to an attenuation of cap-dependent translation, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activators ATF4 and QRICH1, and hence allowing ATF4- and QRICH1-mediated reprogramming.
  • 基因功能参考文献：
    1. Our study revealed that p-eIF2alpha was upregulated in breast cancer and represented a novel predictor of prognosis in patients with triple-negative subtype. PMID: 28294178
    2. hypusine-eIF5A-facilitated translation elongation promotes arsenite-induced polysome disassembly and stress granule assembly in cells subjected to adverse environmental conditions PMID: 20376341
    3. analysis of the ER stress response in immunogenic cell death and the potential value of eIF2alpha phosphorylation as a biomarker for this clinically relevant variant of apoptosis [review] PMID: 25749194
    4. The data highlight independent interactions of PP1 and eIF2alpha with GADD34, demonstrating that GADD34 functions as a scaffold both in vitro and in cells PMID: 26095357
    5. These experiments connect embryonic stem cell growth factors to eIF2alpha phosphorylation. PMID: 26406898
    6. We identified EIF2A phosphorylation as a novel early molecular event occurring in response to NAMPT inhibition and mediating protein synthesis arrest. PMID: 26542945
    7. The results suggest that dephosphorylation of eIF2a by GADD34 plays an important role in doxorubicin resistance of MCF-7/ADR cells. PMID: 26743901
    8. The Newcastle disease virus-induced translation shutoff at late infection times was attributed to sustaining phosphorylation of eIF2a, which is mediated by continual activation of PKR and degradation of PP1. PMID: 26869028
    9. GHRH and GHRH-R loops are involved in placental choriocarcinoma cell line viability and apoptosis through Akt and eIF2a pathways. PMID: 26917260
    10. These findings suggest that phosphorylated-eIF2alpha regulates synaptic actions of nicotine in both mice and humans, and that reduced phosphorylated-eIF2alpha may enhance susceptibility to nicotine (and other drugs of abuse) during adolescence. PMID: 26928076
    11. This review consolidates current information regarding eIF2alpha phosphorylation in neurons and its impact in neurodegenerative diseases. PMID: 26994324
    12. Increased phosphorylation of eIF2alpha in chronic myeloid leukemia cells stimulates secretion of matrix modifying enzymes. PMID: 27802179
    13. Stress-resistant translation of c-Src mRNA is mediated by eIF2A. PMID: 27899592
    14. Results mechanistically link multiple forms of dystonia and put forth a new overall cellular mechanism for dystonia pathogenesis, impairment of eIF2alpha signaling, a pathway known for its roles in cellular stress responses and synaptic plasticity. PMID: 27939583
    15. Single amino acid substitution in LC-CDR1 induces Russell body phenotype that attenuates cellular protein synthesis through eIF2alpha phosphorylation and thereby downregulates IgG secretion despite operational secretory pathway traffic. PMID: 28379093
    16. These results demonstrate a previously unrecognized role of IL24 in inhibition of translation, mediated through both phosphorylation of eIF2alpha and dephosphorylation of 4E-BP1, and provide the first direct evidence for translation control of gene-specific expression by IL24 PMID: 28461326
    17. eukaryotic elongation factor 2 has a role in proliferation and invasion of lung squamous cell carcinoma PMID: 27542262
    18. a novel, positive role for PKR activation and eIF2alpha phosphorylation in human globin mRNA splicing, is reported. PMID: 28374749
    19. Data show that eIF2Balpha and eIF2Bbeta bind to adjacent surfaces on eIF2alpha-N-terminal domains (NTDs). PMID: 29036434
    20. Data show that eIF5-mimic protein (5MP) represses non-AUG translation by competing with translation initiation factor 5 (eIF5) for the Met-tRNAi-binding factor eIF2. PMID: 28981728
    21. These data indicate that PERK regulates radioresistance in oropharyngeal carcinoma through NF-kB activation-mediated phosphorylation of eIF2alpha PMID: 28418119
    22. The stem-loop of noncoding RNA 886 is structural feature not only critical for inhibiting PKR autophosphorylation, but also the phosphorylation of its cellular substrate, EIF-2alpha. PMID: 28069888
    23. overexpression of eIF5 and 5MP induces translation of ATF4. PMID: 27325740
    24. Through pathway analysis it was suggested the involvement of eIF2 and mTOR in host cells upon Chlamydia trachomatis infection. PMID: 27134121
    25. PERK-eIF2alpha-ATF4 signaling pathway mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress involved in osteoblast differentiation of periodontal ligament cells under cyclic mechanical force. PMID: 27079961
    26. EnR stress assessed by expression of PERK and p-eIF2alpha was significantly associated with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in HER2-positive breast cancer. PMID: 27272779
    27. we unravels a new miRs-based mechanism that helps maintain intracellular proteostasis and promote cell survival during ER stress through upregulation of miR-30b-5p and miR-30c-5p which target eIF2alpha and thereby inhibit the p-eIF2alpha/ATF4/CHOP pro-apoptotic pathway, identifying miR-30b-5p and miR-30c-5p as potentially new targets for anti-cancer therapies. PMID: 26898246
    28. Our work suggests that OLA1 is a novel translational GTPase and plays a suppressive role in translation and cell survival, as well as cancer growth and progression. PMID: 26283179
    29. a delay in eIF2-bound GTP hydrolysis should occur. In this work, we reconstructed this situation and found that such a delay leads to the redistribution of initiation complexes in favor to downstream AUG codons. PMID: 26717981
    30. The reactive oxygen species-generating NADPH oxidase-4 (Nox4) is induced downstream of ATF4, binds to a PP1-targeting subunit GADD34 at the endoplasmic reticulum, and inhibits PP1 activity to increase eIF2alpha phosphorylation and ATF4 levels. PMID: 26742780
    31. Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) infection increased the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF)2alpha and its kinase PKR. The activation of PKR during CSFV infection is beneficial to the virus. PMID: 25899421
    32. eIF2alpha phosphorylation plays a role in hypoxia-induced translational attenuation PMID: 12370288
    33. phosphorylation of eIF2alpha during early brain reperfusion is carried out by PERK, these findings suggest that there is prolonged activation of the unfolded protein response in the reperfused brain. PMID: 12687390
    34. multiple domains in I-1 target cellular PP1 complexes, and I-1 has a role as a cellular regulator of eIF2alpha phosphorylation PMID: 15345721
    35. Tyrosine phosphorylation acts as a molecular switch to full-scale activation of the eIF2alpha RNA-dependent protein kinase. PMID: 16373505
    36. Our results demonstrate that Ebp1 is a new dsRNA-binding protein that acts as a cellular inhibitor of eIF2alpha phosphorylation suggesting that it could be involved in protein translation control PMID: 16631606
    37. Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 mediates apoptosis PMID: 16717090
    38. We propose that SG modeling can occur via both eIF2alpha phosphorylation-dependent and -independent pathways that target translation initiation. PMID: 16870703
    39. functional eIF2alpha played an essential role in PS-341-induced Noxa expression PMID: 16928686
    40. stress-induced phosphorylation of eIF2 alpha is directly coupled to mitochondrial apoptosis regulation via translational repression of MCL-1 PMID: 17553788
    41. the induction of the PKR/eIF2alpha cellular response may be a previously unrecognized general feature of at least the Dependovirus genus of the Parvovirinae PMID: 17715234
    42. PKR and PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase induce the proteasome-dependent degradation of cyclin D1 via a mechanism requiring eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha phosphorylation PMID: 18063576
    43. ATF4 contributes to basal ATF5 transcription, and eIF2 kinases direct the translational expression of multiple transcription regulators by a mechanism involving delayed translation reinitiation PMID: 18195013
    44. MEK functions to enhance GCN2-dependent eIF2alpha phosphorylation rather than suppressing dephosphorylation PMID: 18287093
    45. Proteasomal but not lysosomal inhibitors enhanced GADD34 stability and eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha (eIF-2alpha) dephosphorylation, a finding consistent with GADD34's role in assembling an eIF-2alpha phosphatase PMID: 18794359
    46. GADD34 translation is regulated by a unique 5'UTR uORF mechanism to ensure proper GADD34 expression during eIF2alpha phosphorylation PMID: 19131336
    47. Strategies that maintain eIF2alpha in a hyperphosphorylated state may be a novel therapeutic approach to maximize bortezomib-induced apoptosis and reduce residual disease and recurrences in multiple myeloma. PMID: 19190324
    48. Unlike other DNA damage response-inducing agents, RITA treatment of cells induced a p53-dependent increase in phosphorylation of the eif2 alpha, requiring PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase activity, and led to the downregulation of HIF-1alpha PMID: 19223463
    49. UV-induced eIF2alpha phosphorylation by activation of both PERK and GCN2 via oxidative stress and l-arginine starvation signaling pathways. PMID: 19586904
    50. PKR is activated in adenovirus-infected cells with multiple layers of regulation imposed on eIF2alpha phosphorylation by the E1B-55K/E4orf6 complex, which also regulates viral late protein synthesis PMID: 19605483

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  • 亚细胞定位：
    Cytoplasm, Stress granule.
  • 蛋白家族：
    EIF-2-alpha family
  • 数据库链接：

    HGNC: 3265

    OMIM: 603907

    KEGG: hsa:1965

    STRING: 9606.ENSP00000256383

    UniGene: Hs.151777