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  4. Human growth differentiation factor 15(GDF15)ELISA Kit

Human growth differentiation factor 15(GDF15)ELISA Kit

  • 中文名称：
    人生长分化因子15(GDF15)酶联免疫试剂盒
  • 货号：
    CSB-E12009h
  • 规格：
    96T/48T
  • 价格：
    ￥3200/￥2500
  • 其他：

产品详情

  • 产品描述：
        生长分化因子15（Growth differentiation factor 15，GDF15）是一种细胞因子，属于TGF-β超家族。GDF15广泛存在于多种组织和细胞中，包括神经元、心肌细胞、肝细胞、脂肪细胞等。GDF15参与多种生物学过程，如细胞增殖、凋亡、炎症反应和代谢调节等。在许多疾病中，如心血管疾病、糖尿病、肥胖症等，GDF15的含量显著升高，因此GDF15被认为是一种潜在的生物标志物，可用于这些疾病的早期诊断和治疗监测。
        j9九游会登录入口首页生物所提供的Human growth differentiation factor 15(GDF15)ELISA Kit属于ELISA检测试剂盒，采用双抗夹心法定量检测人血清、血浆、组织匀浆、尿液样本中的GDF15，其灵敏度为1.95 pg/mL，检测范围为7.8 pg/mL-500 pg/mL。
     
  • 别名：
    GDF 15 ELISA Kit; GDF-15 ELISA Kit; Gdf15 ELISA Kit; GDF15_HUMAN ELISA Kit; Growth differentiation factor 15 ELISA Kit; Growth/differentiation factor 15 ELISA Kit; Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 ELISA Kit; MIC 1 ELISA Kit; Mic-1 ELISA Kit; MIC1 ELISA Kit; NAG 1 ELISA Kit; NAG-1 ELISA Kit; NAG1 ELISA Kit; NRG 1 ELISA Kit; NRG-1 ELISA Kit; NRG1 ELISA Kit; NSAID (nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drug) activated protein 1 ELISA Kit; NSAID ELISA Kit; NSAID regulated protein 1 ELISA Kit; NSAID-activated gene 1 protein ELISA Kit; NSAID-regulated gene 1 protein ELISA Kit; PDF ELISA Kit; PLAB ELISA Kit; Placental bone morphogenetic protein ELISA Kit; Placental bone morphogenic protein ELISA Kit; Placental TGF beta ELISA Kit; Placental TGF-beta ELISA Kit; Prostate differentiation factor ELISA Kit; PTGF beta ELISA Kit; PTGFB ELISA Kit
  • 缩写：
  • Uniprot No.：
  • 种属：
    Homo sapiens (Human)
  • 样本类型：
    serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, urine
  • 检测范围：
    7.8 pg/mL-500 pg/mL
  • 灵敏度：
    1.95 pg/mL
  • 反应时间：
    1-5h
  • 样本体积：
    50-100ul
  • 检测波长：
    450 nm
  • 研究领域：
    Signal Transduction
  • 测定原理：
    quantitative
  • 测定方法：
    Sandwich
  • 精密度：
    Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay): CV%<8%      
    Three samples of known concentration were tested twenty times on one plate to assess.  
    Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays): CV%<10%      
    Three samples of known concentration were tested in twenty assays to assess.    
                 
  • 线性度：
    To assess the linearity of the assay, samples were spiked with high concentrations of human GDF15 in various matrices and diluted with the Sample Diluent to produce samples with values within the dynamic range of the assay.
    　 Sample Serum(n=4)  
    1:1 Average % 89  
    Range % 80-91  
    1:2 Average % 98  
    Range % 91-104  
    1:4 Average % 97  
    Range % 90-105  
    1:8 Average % 95  
    Range % 91-100  
  • 回收率：
    The recovery of human GDF15 spiked to levels throughout the range of the assay in various matrices was evaluated. Samples were diluted prior to assay as directed in the Sample Preparation section.
    Sample Type Average % Recovery Range  
    Serum (n=5) 92 86-99  
    EDTA plasma (n=4) 97 91-105  
                 
                 
  • 标准曲线：
    These standard curves are provided for demonstration only. A standard curve should be generated for each set of samples assayed.
    pg/ml OD1 OD2 Average Corrected  
    500 1.756 1.737 1.747 1.601  
    250 1.134 1.142 1.138 0.992  
    125 0.702 0.719 0.711 0.565  
    62.5 0.465 0.450 0.458 0.312  
    31.2 0.337 0.349 0.343 0.197  
    15.6 0.266 0.272 0.269 0.123  
    7.8 0.192 0.203 0.198 0.052  
    0 0.145 0.147 0.146 　  
  • 本试剂盒所含材料：
      • A micro ELISA plate ---The 96-well plate has been pre-coated with an anti-human GDF15 antibody. This dismountable microplate can be divided into 12 x 8 strip plates.
      • Two vials lyophilized standard ---Dilute a bottle of the standard at dilution series, read the OD values, and then draw a standard curve.
      • One vial Biotin-labeled GDF15 antibody (100 x concentrate) (120 μl/bottle) ---Act as the detection antibody.
      • One vial HRP-avidin (100 x concentrate) (120 μl/bottle) ---Bind to the detection antibody and react with the TMB substrate to make the solution chromogenic.
      • One vial Biotin-antibody Diluent (15 ml/bottle) ---Dilute the Biotin-antibody.
      • One vial HRP-avidin Diluent (15 ml/bottle) ---Dilute the HRP-avidin solution.
      • One vial Sample Diluent (50 ml/bottle)---Dilute the sample to an appropriate concentration.
      • One vial Wash Buffer (25 x concentrate) (20 ml/bottle) ---Wash away unbound or free substances.
      • One vial TMB Substrate (10 ml/bottle) ---Act as the chromogenic agent. TMB interacts with HRP, eliciting the solution turns blue.
      • One vial Stop Solution (10 ml/bottle) ---Stop the color reaction. The solution color immediately turns from blue to yellow.
      • Four Adhesive Strips (For 96 wells) --- Cover the microplate when incubation.
      • An instruction manual

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  • 本试剂盒不含材料：
      • A microplate reader capable of measuring absorbance at 450 nm, with the correction wavelength set at 540 nm or 570 nm.
      • An incubator can provide stable incubation conditions up to 37°C±5°C.
      • Centrifuge
      • Vortex
      • Squirt bottle, manifold dispenser, or automated microplate washer
      • Absorbent paper for blotting the microtiter plate
      • 50-300ul multi-channel micropipette
      • Pipette tips
      • Single-channel micropipette with different ranges
      • 100ml and 500ml graduated cylinders
      • Deionized or distilled water
      • Timer
      • Test tubes for dilution

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  • 数据处理：
  • 货期：
    3-5 working days

产品评价

靶点详情

  • 最新研究进展：
    GDF15蛋白是一种细胞因子，最近的研究发现其在代谢性疾病、肿瘤、神经退行性疾病等多个方面都具有重要的生物学作用。例如，在肿瘤中，GDF15蛋白的表达水平常常与肿瘤的恶性程度和预后相关；在代谢性疾病中，GDF15蛋白的表达水平可以作为预测心血管事件和死亡的生物标志物。此外，研究还表明，GDF15蛋白还参与了体内能量代谢的调节以及神经元发生和功能的调节等生物学过程。
  • 功能：
    Regulates food intake, energy expenditure and body weight in response to metabolic and toxin-induced stresses. Binds to its receptor, GFRAL, and activates GFRAL-expressing neurons localized in the area postrema and nucleus tractus solitarius of the brainstem. It then triggers the activation of neurons localized within the parabrachial nucleus and central amygdala, which constitutes part of the 'emergency circuit' that shapes feeding responses to stressful conditions. On hepatocytes, inhibits growth hormone signaling.
  • 基因功能参考文献：
    1. Data indicate that LINC01133 inhibited OSCC metastasis via a feedback regulation loop of reciprocal inhibition with GDF15. PMID: 30332510
    2. Our results provide valuable evidence that GDF15 is related with first-line chemo-resistance, with highly expressed GDF15 being a strong and an independent indicator of shorter PFS in EOC patients. PMID: 29580231
    3. Placenta and appetite genes GDF15 and IGFBP7 are associated with hyperemesis gravidarum. PMID: 29563502
    4. These results suggest that upregulation of NAG-1 contributes to trichostatin A-induced apoptosis in human endometriotic stromal cells. PMID: 29157123
    5. GDF-15 is a promising biomarker for prediction of HF and death due to CHD in the general population, which may provide prognostic information to already established clinical biomarkers. PMID: 29771963
    6. the association between GDF-15 and contrast-induced nephropathy in acute myocardial infarction patients after percutaneous coronary intervention PMID: 29791474
    7. Age-dependent GDF-15 centile values developed from a population of apparently healthy older adults are independently predictive of all-cause mortality PMID: 29714603
    8. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documentation of cytokine GDF-15 presence in follicular fluid. Its concentration was not associated with donor/patient fertility status. Our data also show that GDF-15 is expressed and inducible in both normal healthy and cancerous granulosa cells, as well as in oocytes PMID: 29948426
    9. Findings indicate that global platelet function was positively correlated with serum GDF-15 concentration. PMID: 28597461
    10. GDF-15 in blood is more accurate in differentiating pancreatic mass due to chronic pancreatitis from pancreatic adenocarcinoma than Ca19-9. the combination of GDF-15 with Ca125 is remarkably useful in differentiating pancreatic mass. PMID: 29171983
    11. Our results show GDF-15 as an effective biomarker in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer PMID: 29400662
    12. This study found that the mean serum GDF15 levels in the Parkinson Disease patients were significantly higher than those of the healthy control group. Secondly, in the Parkinson Disease patients, the GDF15 levels were significantly higher in the men than in the women. PMID: 28787735
    13. Elevated GDF-15 correlates with lack of reverse remodeling and increased mortality after TAVR and improves risk prediction of mortality. PMID: 29222133
    14. Initial serum GDF15 level showed an inverse correlation with serum glomerular filtration rate and was associated with worse renal outcome in immunoglobulin A nephropathy. PMID: 28869715
    15. data reveal that YAP promotes metastasis of breast cancer cells by repressing GDF15 transcription and present a novel molecular mechanism underlying the pro-metastasis function of YAP oncoprotein, with the implication of a therapeutic avenue for breast cancer treatment. PMID: 29499325
    16. GDF15 was significantly correlated with mitochondrial disease severity and the proportion of ragged-red fibers identified in skeletal muscle. PMID: 27889897
    17. GDF-15 serum levels were elevated in patients with Systemic sclerosis and correlated with the extent of skin fibrosis, and it was found to be higher in Systemic sclerosis patients with interstitial pulmonary fibrosis PMID: 28872977
    18. Enhanced radiosensitivity and decreased migration in cells caused by CDP138 knockdown are partially dependent on GDF15 inhibition. PMID: 28880265
    19. these results suggest that increased GDF-15-as observed in lungs of smokers and patients with COPD-contributes to cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary inflammation. PMID: 28145442
    20. High GDF15 levels are associated with increased risk of major amputation and/or death in peripheral arterial disease patients. PMID: 28855167
    21. we found that GDF-15 -3148C/G polymorphism (CC genotype) might have a correlation with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction occurrence and the formation of collateral circulation. PMID: 29489980
    22. Data show that serum growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15)levels were significantly higher in subjects with thyroid nodules compared with nodule negative subjects, and this was influenced by age. PMID: 28489602
    23. Findings suggest that GDF15 induces tumor sphere formation through GDF15-ERK1/2-GDF15 circuits, leading to maintenance of GDF15high cancer stem-like cells. PMID: 28206960
    24. These s demonstrate that blocking cardiomyocyte production of GDF15 normalizes circulating GDF15 level and restores liver growth hormone signaling, establishing GDF15 as a bona fide heart-derived hormone that regulates pediatric body growth. PMID: 28572090
    25. s demonstrated that GDF15 contributed to radioresistance of HNC, as determined by both gain- and lost-of-functional experiments. s further showed that GDF15 facilitated the conversion of cancer stemness, as assessed by the promotion of CD44+ and ALDH1+ cell populations and spheroid cell formation. PMID: 27903972
    26. this study, for the first time, demonstrates that GDF15 is a promising target for preventing cold I/R injury in heart transplantation. This study also shows that the resultant protective effects are mediated by the Foxo3 and NFkappaB signaling pathways PMID: 28388574
    27. High circulating GDF-15 levels are predictive of secondary cardiovascular events in women but not in men with carotid atherosclerosis. PMID: 28389123
    28. In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, high levels of GDF15 were independently associated with a higher yearly rate of exacerbations, higher mortality and increased decline in both FEV1 and FVC. PMID: 28298399
    29. Data suggested NAG-1 protein as a crucial mediator of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) progression and resistance to the standard first-line chemotherapy against EOC, particularly in MyD88-positive ovarian cancer stem-like cells. PMID: 27708225
    30. The GDF-15 gene rs1804826G/T polymorphism and sGDF-15 levels are associated with ischemic stroke in the Chinese population. PMID: 28526273
    31. NSAID-activated gene 1 (NAG-1) has been assessed for its involvement in cellular integrity and pathogenesis in mucosal inflammation and carcinogenesis. [review] PMID: 28455268
    32. showed association between high level of GDF-15, determined at the first 24 hours after acute coronary syndrome, and chronic heart failure progression after 12 months. PMID: 29099703
    33. Results provide evidence that GDF15 contributes to the cancer-associated fibroblasts-mediated chemoprotection of AML cells. PMID: 27643489
    34. serum GDF15 was not altered in the first trimester in women destined to develop late-onset preeclampsia. PMID: 27173615
    35. even very small amounts of contaminating TGF-b in purified protein batches may influence the experimental results given that receptors for TGF-b are present. When we attempted to characterize possible receptors for the TGF-b superfamily ligand GDF15, striking similarities between GDF15-induced activities and known TGF-b activities were found. PMID: 29161287
    36. In ever-smokers with COPD free of clinical CVD, GDF-15 contributes independently to subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00608764 . Registered 28 January 2008. PMID: 28245821
    37. This is the first study showing that adolescent male swimmers have higher PTX3 levels than sedentary controls and that there is a linear relationship between PTX3 and GDF-15. PMID: 28664745
    38. GDF-15 at 1 month after an acute coronary syndrome is related to the risk of bleeding during dual antiplatelet therapy and provides additional information on the bleeding risk beyond baseline GDF-15 levels. PMID: 28411246
    39. NF-kappaB/GDF-15 regulatory axis is important for tumor cells in evading macrophage immune surveillance during the early stages of tumorigenesis PMID: 28891811
    40. Our data indicated that GDF-15 plays an important role in iron metabolism in SAA. GDF-15 might be a novel target for SAA therapy. PMID: 28385068
    41. These results suggest that rs1054564 confers allele-specific translational repression of GDF15 via hsa-miR-1233-3p. PMID: 28806401
    42. Serum MIC-1 levels in PUL were not able to categorically diagnose EP, however, MIC-1 could distinguish women with an EP that required medical intervention and those women whose PULs spontaneously resolved PMID: 23824055
    43. HIF-1alpha and GDF15 expression are inversely related under normoxia and hyperoxia. PMID: 28734801
    44. PPIX concentrations correlated with both growth differentiation factor (GDF) 15 (p = 0.012) and male gender (p = 0.015). PMID: 28185024
    45. Data show that growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) knockdown significantly inhibited the growth and metastasis of cancer stem-like sphere cells (SCs) through AKT/GSK-3beta/beta-catenin pathway suppression. PMID: 28199981
    46. epithelial restitution was promoted by enhanced NAG-1 expression and subsequent enterocyte locomotion during the early wound-healing process PMID: 27421482
    47. serum GDF15 may be a useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for colorectal cancer. PMID: 26990020
    48. These findings highlight an important contribution of GDF15 in promoting airway epithelial senescence upon cigarette smoke exposure. PMID: 27093475
    49. The results of this study, including a robust induction of GDF-15 expression by several external factors known to elevate IOP, and rGDF-15-induced increase in contractility, cell adhesion, and the levels of ECM proteins and alphaSMA in TM cells PMID: 27918822
    50. GDF-15 captures distinct aspects of cardiovascular disease development, progression, and prognosis, which are not represented by clinical risk predictors and other biomarkers. The usefulness of GDF-15 to guide management decisions and discover new treatment targets should be further explored. PMID: 28062617

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  • 亚细胞定位：
    Secreted.
  • 蛋白家族：
    TGF-beta family
  • 组织特异性：
    Highly expressed in placenta, with lower levels in prostate and colon and some expression in kidney. Detected in plasma (at protein level).
  • 数据库链接：

    HGNC: 30142

    OMIM: 605312

    KEGG: hsa:9518

    STRING: 9606.ENSP00000252809

    UniGene: Hs.616962