Mouse Glucokinase(GCK) ELISA kit

Catalyzes the phosphorylation of hexose, such as D-glucose, D-fructose and D-mannose, to hexose 6-phosphate (D-glucose 6-phosphate, D-fructose 6-phosphate and D-mannose 6-phosphate, respectively). Compared to other hexokinases, has a weak affinity for D-glucose, and is effective only when glucose is abundant. Mainly expressed in pancreatic beta cells and the liver and constitutes a rate-limiting step in glucose metabolism in these tissues. Since insulin secretion parallels glucose metabolism and the low glucose affinity of GCK ensures that it can change its enzymatic activity within the physiological range of glucose concentrations, GCK acts as a glucose sensor in the pancreatic beta cell. In pancreas, plays an important role in modulating insulin secretion. In liver, helps to facilitate the uptake and conversion of glucose by acting as an insulin-sensitive determinant of hepatic glucose usage. Required to provide D-glucose 6-phosphate for the synthesis of glycogen. Mediates the initial step of glycolysis by catalyzing phosphorylation of D-glucose to D-glucose 6-phosphate.

1. These data also imply an etiological role of GCK in diet-induced diabetes. PMID: 29915142
2. Long-term treatment with octanoic acid increased cellular glucose uptake in MIN6 cells by up-regulating the expression of glucokinase (GK). PMID: 29885841
3. a nuclear import of glucokinase mediated by a redundant mechanism, involving a nuclear localization signal, and which is modulated by its SUMOylation, is reported. PMID: 28648619
4. Glucokinase governs an alpha-cell metabolic pathway that suppresses secretion at or above normoglycemic levels; abnormal suppression of glucagon secretion deregulates hepatic glucose metabolism and, over time, induces a pre-diabetic phenotype. PMID: 29416045
5. GCK-dependent glycolysis regulates Treg cell migration. PMID: 29166588
6. GCK expression is regulated by nutrient-sensing O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosaminylation cycling in liver. PMID: 27520373
7. Absence of Gck expression did not prevent the glucose responsiveness of glucose-excited or glucose-inhibited Sf1 neurons in either sex. Thus Gck in the VMN plays a sex-specific role in the glucose-dependent control of autonomic nervous activity; this is, however, unrelated to the control of the firing activity of classical glucose-responsive neurons. PMID: 27422385
8. Using a mutant GCK gene (GCK 262) with a knocked out cytosine at position 2643 results in lower protein expression and more ubiquitination-led protein degradation compared with wild-type GCK (GCK 261) PMID: 26752353
9. lncLGR facilitates the recruitment of hnRNPL to the GCK promoter and suppresses GCK transcription. PMID: 26904944
10. Given that acetylated GKRP may affiliate with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), understanding the mechanism of GKRP acetylation in the liver could reveal novel targets within the GK-GKRP pathway, for treating T2DM and other metabolic pathologies. PMID: 26620281
11. These results suggest a mechanism for integrative control over GCK activation and, therefore, glucose metabolism and insulin secretion through regulation of cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels. PMID: 26698632
12. GHR knockdown caused increased glucokinase mRNA and protein levels. PMID: 26015548
13. results suggest that chronic suppression of hepatic glucokinase has a small influence on intertissue (liver-to-BAT as well as liver-to-beta-cell) metabolic communication PMID: 25817793
14. Atf3-silencing reversed ethanol-mediated Gck down-regulation and beta-cell dysfunction, followed by the amelioration of impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. PMID: 25074928
15. Suggest heterozygous glucokinase knockout mouse as a translatable model of human type 2 diabetes. PMID: 24772483
16. Chronic treatment with glucose kinase activators in animal models of diabetes provided sustained lowering of blood glucose. PMID: 24772484
17. In the liver-specific glucokinase knockout mouse reduced expression of glucokinase in the liver induces diabetic cardiomyopathy. PMID: 24447392
18. Glucokinase is regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system to avoid misfolding and reduced activity of the enzyme. PMID: 24028089
19. IRS-2 signalling is important for maintaining the activity of liver glucokinase. PMID: 23560040
20. Hepatic GK overexpression in obesity-resistant mice promoted weight gain, while hepatic GK knockdown in obesity-prone mice attenuated weight gain with increased adaptive thermogenesis. PMID: 23217261
21. SUMOylation of pancreatic glucokinase regulates its cellular stability and activity PMID: 23297408
22. Changes in gluconeogenesis, delayed development of GCK and impaired hepatic glycogen synthesis in the liver potentially lead to the onset and progression of MODY2. PMID: 23291412
23. A novel Gck mutation in mice, with relevance in humans, leading to glycaemic disease. PMID: 22698525
24. Fed LiRiKO mice displayed loss of Akt Ser473 phosphorylation and reduced glucokinase and SREBP1c activity in the liver. PMID: 22521878
25. beta-cell glucokinase appears to be essential for liraglutide-mediated insulin secretion, but liraglutide may improve glycemic control, steatosis, and beta-cell death in a glucokinase-independent fashion PMID: 22569791
26. Generation of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) diabetes models in mice demonstrates genotype-specific action of glucokinase activators. PMID: 21921030
27. Glucagon-like peptide 1 stimulates post-translational activation of glucokinase in pancreatic beta cells PMID: 21454584
28. The findings indicate that the absence of glucokinase inhibition by glucose 6-phosphate probably led to increased glycolysis and blocked glyceroneogenesis in the mouse model. PMID: 20623219
29. Data show that binding and activation of glucokinase by PFK-2/FBPase-2 in beta-cells is promoted by glucose, resulting in an enhancement of insulin secretion at stimulatory glucose concentrations, without affecting basal insulin secretion. PMID: 20702580
30. GCK inactivation and down-regulation were mediated by ethanol metabolism-generated peroxynitrite. PMID: 20855893
31. I. sinclarii is effective in lowering blood glucose due to the upregulation of glucokinase (Gk-rs1) and downregulation of hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase. PMID: 20954077
32. results show that although HNF-6 is not required to open chromatin of the hepatic promoter of the glucokinase gene, it stimulates transcription of the glucokinase gene in the liver PMID: 12189444
33. MRG1 and GK are cannabinoid-regulated genes and that they may be involved in the vascular and hypothalamic effects of cannabinoids, respectively. PMID: 12237329
34. Insulin upregulates NO and causes S-nitrosylation of glucokinase(GK). Inhibition of NO synthase blocks insulin-stimulated changes in GK secretory granules and GK conformation. PMID: 12707306
35. phosphorylation status of BAD protein helps regulate glucokinase activity PMID: 12931191
36. Hepatic glucokinase is required for the synergistic action of ChREBP and SREBP-1c on glycolytic and lipogenic gene expression PMID: 14985368
37. glucokinase is an integral component of the insulin secretory granule and does not translocate during glucose stimulation. PMID: 15331544
38. Hypothesis that the glucokinase gene might be expressed in the pituitary corticotrophic cells was therefore reexamined using mRNA in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical techniques but was not proven. PMID: 16804059
39. Overexpression of insulin receptor substrate 2 in beta cells of high diet-fed glucokinase deficient(+/-) mice partially prevented diabetes by increasing beta cell mass. PMID: 17200721
40. Glucokinase plays a key role in the neuroendocrine regulation of metabolic economy. PMID: 17218412
41. The hepatic abundance of glucokinase is reduced in Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 deficient mice. PMID: 17267763
42. Role of a bound glucokinase protein fraction in the regulation of insulin granule movement along tubulin filaments. PMID: 17287461
43. PSN-GK1 is a potent glucokinase activaator and is active as an antidiabetic agent in diabetic animal models. PMID: 17415548
44. inhibition to liver glucokinase probably is the primary pathogenesis in alloxan-induced diabetes, prompting elevation of serum glucose content that leads to a further decrease in insulin secretion PMID: 17768029
45. adipocyte-derived Wnt signalling molecules regulate insulin secretion, glucokinase gene transcription and beta cell proliferation PMID: 17994217
46. PFK-2/FBPase-2 protein rather than its product fructose 2,6-P(2) is the over-riding determinant of glucose-induced insulin secretion through regulation of glucokinase activity or subcellular targeting. PMID: 18039179
47. Between these two strategies to activate glycogen deposition in the absence of GK, embryonic livers choose to express massive levels of HKI and HKII. PMID: 18165236
48. mRNA levels of Gck, Glp1r, and Pdx1 were increased in pancreatic RNA from both CJC-1134-PC- and/or Ex-4-treated mice. PMID: 18313669
49. HNF-4 and Foxo1 are required for reciprocal transcriptional regulation of glucokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase genes in response to fasting and feeding PMID: 18805788

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Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Mitochondrion.

Hexokinase family

KEGG: mmu:103988

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000099984

UniGene: Mm.220358