Mouse Agouti-related protein(AGRP) ELISA kit

Plays a role in weight homeostasis. Involved in the control of feeding behavior through the central melanocortin system. Acts as alpha melanocyte-stimulating hormone antagonist by inhibiting cAMP production mediated by stimulation of melanocortin receptors within the hypothalamus and adrenal gland. Has very low activity with MC5R. Is an inverse agonist for MC3R and MC4R being able to suppress their constitutive activity. It promotes MC3R and MC4R endocytosis in an arrestin-dependent manner.

1. nalysis of hypothalamic and neuroendocrine responses to HFS throughout the light-dark cycle suggests uncoupling of hypothalamic responses involving appetite-stimulating fasting-responsive hypothalamic neurons expressing agouti-related peptide (AgRP) and neuropeptide Y (Npy). PMID: 28294152
2. By using mutant mice with liver-specific ablation of Eralpha, the s here demonstrate that the hepatic ERalpha is essential for the modulation of the activity of Agouti Related Protein (AgRP) neurons in relation to the reproductive cycle and diet. PMID: 28446774
3. The results demonstrate a novel role of PDK1 in AgRP neurons to counteract the high salt diet-induced hypertension by preventing hyperactivation of paraventricular nucleus nesfatin-1 neurons. PMID: 29705701
4. The findings are consistent with the idea that, during metabolic deficiency, AgRP signaling contributes to infertility by inhibiting Kiss1 neurons. PMID: 28196880
5. POMC and AgRP neurons receive direct steroid- and frequency-dependent glutamatergic synaptic input from Kiss1(ARC) neurons in male mice PMID: 27093227
6. P2Y6 signaling in AgRP neurons is involved in the onset of obesity-associated hyperphagia. PMID: 28199831
7. These results identify SK3 as a key intrinsic mediator that coordinates nutritional status with AgRP/NPY neural activities and animals' feeding behavior and energy metabolism. PMID: 27829152
8. It was concluded that a small population of neuroendocrine cells in the adrenal medulla, and the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, express AgRP and neuropeptide Y and are functionally involved in the systemic response to fasting. PMID: 28531318
9. define a disynaptic network originating from a subset of Agouti-related peptide neurons in the hypothalamus that project to the medial nucleus of the amygdala and then to the principal bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, which suppresses territorial aggression and reduces contextual fear. PMID: 27019015
10. These findings indicate that the relevance of AgRP to POMC neuron GABA connectivity depends on the state of AgRP neuron activity and suggest that different types of transmitter release should be considered when circuit mapping. PMID: 28667175
11. CRFR1, in a subset of AgRP neurons, plays a regulatory role that enables appropriate sympathetic nervous system activation and consequently protects the organism from hypothermia and hypoglycemia. PMID: 27211900
12. Diet composition, not calorie intake, rapidly alters intrinsic excitability of hypothalamic AgRP/NPY neurons in mice. PMID: 26592769
13. Data show that agouti-related protein (AgRP)-glucocorticoid receptor knockout (GR-/-) mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity. PMID: 26889940
14. Data show that chronic caloric restriction (CR) alters hypothalamic agouti-related protein (Agrp) and neuropeptide Y (Npy) gene expression similarly in Ghrelin+/+, Ghrelin-/-, ghrelin receptor Ghsr+/+, and Ghsr-/- mice. PMID: 26812158
15. Suppression of sympathetic tone in AgRP-Sirt1/(--) mice reversed osteopenia in transgenic animals. PMID: 26411686
16. Data (including data from studies in transgenic/knockout mice) suggest that expression in adult brain neurons (especially in parabrachial nucleus) of both Dmbx1 (deleted in malignant brain tumors 1) and AgRP is important in appetite regulation. PMID: 26505115
17. mTORC1 in Agrp neurons controls circadian expression of orexigenic neuropeptides but is dispensable for the regulation of feeding behavior and energy metabolism PMID: 26159924
18. Absence of Mc3rs (but not Ghsrs) was associated with lower AgRP/Npy expression, suggesting attenuated responses to signals of negative energy balance. PMID: 25211592
19. These experiments reveal both overlapping and nonredundant effects of JNK- and IKK-dependent signaling in AgRP neurons. PMID: 25456138
20. Agrp is increased in arcuate hypothalamus during food deprivation. PMID: 25788674
21. The enhanced leptin levels during pregnancy in mice are associated with retardation of obesity development in obesity prone male offspring and with changes in fetal weight and AgRP gene expression in placenta. PMID: 25464737
22. Inhibitors of NOS and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) prevented a decrease in AgRP secretion with glucose, suggesting a pivotal role for nNOS and the CFTR in glucose-sensing. PMID: 24145125
23. Chemogenetic stimulation of paraventricular nucleus neurons expressing TRH and PACAP in sated mice, markedly activates AgRP neurons and induces intense feeding PMID: 24487620
24. AGRP imposes an inhibitory effect on puberty.Agrp(-/-) Lepr(db/db) females are fertile and sustain adequate nutrition of pups with lactation to weaning age. PMID: 24169048
25. In the hypothalamus, decreases in mTORC1 activity increase agouti-related protein mRNA expression. PMID: 22456226
26. ATF3 plays an important role in the control of glucose and energy metabolism by regulating Agrp PMID: 23462798
27. Data indicate that ablation of agouti-related protein (AgRP) neurons results in enhanced expression of NR2B along with a modest suppression of NR2A. PMID: 23964123
28. Data from transgenic/knockout mice suggest AgRP (agouti-related peptide) in hypothalamic neurons is involved (via ROCK1 [rho-associated protein kinase 1] activation) in homeostatic regulation of energy expenditure and adiposity/obesity. PMID: 23885017
29. Agouti related peptide is a common orexigenic target gene of glucocorticoid receptor and Bsx in the mouse hypothalamus. PMID: 23671185
30. Study finds that transcription factor FoxO1 exerts integrative control of leptin, insulin, and amino acid signaling in AgRP neurons, effectively coordinating food intake with peripheral metabolism; and identifies of a heretofore unrecognized FoxO1 pathway that regulates food intake through the G protein-coupled receptor, Gpr17. PMID: 22682251
31. comparison of chicken, human, and mouse Agrp PMID: 10771094
32. heparanase acts as a negative modulator of AgRP signaling at MC4R, through cleavage of heparan sulfate chains presumably linked to syndecan-3 PMID: 22479599
33. A previously unsuspected role is revealed for hypothalamic hunger-promoting Agrp neurons in setting midbrain dopamine neuronal activity and nonfood-related behaviors. PMID: 22729177
34. AgRP-expressing neurons play a critical role in mediating the metabolic syndrome and infertility of Lep(ob/ob) mice, whereas MCH-expressing neurons have only a minor role PMID: 22232663
35. we demonstrate a role for autophagy in hypothalamic agouti-related peptide neurons in the regulation of food intake and energy balance. PMID: 21803288
36. PDK1 and Foxo1 signaling pathways play important roles in the control of energy homeostasis through AGRP-independent mechanisms PMID: 21694754
37. Data show that the phenotype of a mouse lacking both POMC and AgRP (DKO) is indistinguishable from that of mice lacking Pomc alone. PMID: 21363936
38. activating AgRP neurons potently increased motivation for feeding and also drove intense food-seeking behavior, demonstrating that AgRP neurons engage brain sites controlling multiple levels of feeding behavior PMID: 21364278
39. This study evaluated whether neuropeptide Y or agouti-related protein affect hyperphagia and energy metabolism in leptin receptor-deficient mice. PMID: 21285324
40. Data indicate that AGRP neurons directly engage feeding circuits and serve a dedicated role coordinating this complex behavior. PMID: 21209617
41. Kruppel-like factor 4 augments hypothalamic AGRP and stimulates appetite in mice. PMID: 20980461
42. These data demonstrate that the increased preference for a high fat diet after stimulation of MOR is attenuated in the absence of AgRP, but the increase in food intake (i.e. hyperphagia) is not PMID: 20051234
43. effects of changing type and amount of dietary fats on AgRP mRNA expression PMID: 12006366
44. Neither AgRP nor NPY is a critically required orexigenic factor, suggesting that other pathways capable of regulating energy homeostasis can compensate for the loss of both AgRP and NPY. PMID: 12077332
45. Agrp mRNA expression was decreased relative to wild-type controls in neonates of both sexes of Prader-Willi syndrome mice PMID: 12443978
46. Data support the hypothesis that syndecan-3 modulates melanocortin activity via facilitation of agouti-related protein. PMID: 12851299
47. Although deletion of either NPY or AgRP caused only a modest or nondetectable effect, ablation of both ligands completely abolished the orexigenic action of ghrelin. PMID: 14962995
48. identification of a novel feedback loop and reciprocal transcriptional regulation between agouti-related protein and leptin centrally and peripherally PMID: 15178437
49. Data show that agouti-related protein mRNA levels are significantly lower in obese tub/tub mice as compared to tub/+ mice. PMID: 15193430
50. AGRP signaling to thyroid releasing hormone hypophysiotropic neurons in the paraventricular nucleus is primarily mediated by the MC4-R PMID: 15256492

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Secreted. Golgi apparatus lumen.

Expressed in arcuate nucleus and median eminence, adrenal gland (medulla), hypothalamus, testis, and lung.

KEGG: mmu:11604

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000005849

UniGene: Mm.441696