Human Nodal homolog(NODAL) ELISA kit

1. Wnt signalling is sufficient to induce a primitive streak, and stimulation with Wnt and Activin is sufficient to induce an organizer, as characterized by embryo-like sharp boundary formation, markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and expression of the organizer-specific transcription factor GSC PMID: 29795348
2. Results revealed that hypoxia exposure upregulated Nodal expression and activated Nodal signaling in melanoma cancer cell A375, contributed to maintain stemness and promotes malignancy potential, including invasion, sphere formation and dacarbazine resistance. PMID: 29693169
3. GAS5 maintains NODAL signalling by protecting NODAL expression from miRNA-mediated degradation. GAS5 and NODAL form a feed-forward signalling loop that maintains hESC self-renewal. PMID: 27811843
4. cancer cells lack the presence of Lefty, thus leading to uncontrolled tumor growth. Given this understanding, inhibition of the Nodal pathway offers a new novel therapeutic target in oncology PMID: 28468864
5. Nodal signaling through the Smad2/3 pathway up-regulated Slug, Snail and c-Myc to induce EMT, thereby promoting Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation. PMID: 27659524
6. Nodal lincRNAs affects expression levels of genes related to dedifferentiation and cell cycle. PMID: 28790305
7. n this work, we report two patients with a DAND5 heterozygous non-synonymous variant (c.455G > A) in the functional domain of the DAND5 protein (p.R152H), a master regulator of Nodal signaling. Patient 1 presents left isomerism, ventricular septal defect with overriding aorta and pulmonary atresia, while patient 2 presents ventricular septal defect with overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy PMID: 28738792
8. Together SMAD3 and ZIC2 regulate FOXA2 transcription in cultured cells and Zic2 also controls the foxA2 expression during Xenopus development. These findings reveal a new mechanism of NODAL signal transduction in the mammalian node and provide the first molecular explanation of how ZIC2 loss-of-function precipitates Holoprosencephaly (HPE PMID: 27466203
9. Data show that BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi) treatment failed to affect Nodal protein levels in melanoma tissues. PMID: 27775691
10. inhibiting Nodal may alter response mechanisms employed by cancer cells undergoing DNA damage. PMID: 27007464
11. PGAP6 plays a critical role in Nodal signaling modulation through CRIPTO shedding. PMID: 27881714
12. Oct-4 signaling is modulated by nodal via nuclear translocation of beta-catenin in lung and prostate cancer cells PMID: 27592306
13. patients with tumors in which both Nodal and YAP1 were expressed at high levels had the worst prognosis PMID: 27325246
14. We demonstrate that the minor allele of the human single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2231947 found within the NODAL gene locus is under-represented in male but not female hESC lines. We also show that this SNP is highly functional in hESC lines. The SNP rs2231947 directly controls the alternative splicing of a novel NODAL transcript isoform PMID: 26662182
15. In this review, we evaluate our current understanding of the complexities of Nodal function in cancer and highlight recent experimental evidence that sheds light on the therapeutic potential of its inhibition. PMID: 26951550
16. Low expressions of NODAL is associated with lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer. PMID: 26358078
17. The MSX2 controls mesendoderm lineage commitment by simultaneous suppression of SOX2 and induction of NODAL expression through direct binding and activation of the Nodal promoter. PMID: 26427715
18. Nodal is expressed in in male germ cells but not in Sertoli cells, whereas its receptors were detected in both, suggesting that NODAL plays a regulatory role in Sertoli cells and germ cells via a paracrine and autocrine pathway, respectively. PMID: 26289399
19. During a maturation phase, a fast acting NODAL loop stimulates its own activity and temporarily inhibits BMP signaling. During the stabilization phase, a slow acting NODAL loop, involving WNTs re-establishes BMP signaling and the pluripotency circuitry. PMID: 26226633
20. Nodal signaling pathway has subtle changes in the endometrium of women with endometriosis, but this imbalance may not cause functional damage as it seems not to affect the nuclear expression of SMAD4. PMID: 25228630
21. Nodal is epigenetically controlled through the epigenetic regulatory element in the mouse embryo and human cells. PMID: 25528267
22. The expression of lefty in RCC cells was lower than that in adjacent non-tumor cells, which may result in the overexpression of nodal, thereby promoting the growth of RCC. PMID: 25672326
23. Nodal expression marks a subtype of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with unfavorable prognosis PMID: 25708930
24. Nodal induces signal transduction through the Smad2/3-dependent pathway in vitro. Results that Nodal promotes pancreatic cancer cell migration and invasion and induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PMID: 25557170
25. we found that Kl treatment impairs Nodal mRNA expression and Fgf9-mediated Nanos2 induction, reinforcing the antagonistic effect of these two growth factors on the meiotic fate of male germ cells PMID: 25766327
26. our studies provide mechanistic insights into Nodal signaling and Nodal inhibition with Cerberus and highlight the potential value of Cerberus as anti-Nodal therapeutic. PMID: 25603319
27. Lefty reduced the levels of phosphorylated Smad2, Smad3, and ERK1/2, inhibited the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells, and increased their apoptosis. PMID: 25304053
28. The data suggest that ERK activation by Nodal signaling regulates c-myc and p27 proteins post-translationally and that this cascade is essential for aggressive breast tumor behavior in vivo. PMID: 25073112
29. Inhibition of activin/nodal signaling leads to formation of extravillous trophoblast, whereas loss of activin/nodal inhibition leads to the formation of syncytiotrophoblasts PMID: 25670856
30. Nodal promotes the self-renewal of human colon cancer stem cells and mediate carcinogenesis of human colorectal cancer via an autocrine manner through Smad2/3 pathway. PMID: 24696849
31. The study is highly relevant to the understanding of the effects of the Nodal-PITX2C pathway on HG-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, as well as the related molecular mechanisms. PMID: 24773581
32. Nodal stimulates the endocytosis of ALK4 which co-localizes with RalA and transferrin in endocytic vesicles. PMID: 24863882
33. Nodal expression is associated with aggressive characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma. PMID: 24465741
34. This implies that Gdf1 potentiates Nodal activity by stabilizing a low molecular weight fraction that is susceptible to neutralization by soluble Acvr2. PMID: 24798330
35. Nodal regulates energy metabolism in glioma cells by inducing expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha. PMID: 23911596
36. role in macrophage polarization and downregulation of IL-12 PMID: 24114072
37. Nodal expression was significantly upregulated in glioma cells when TGF-beta was added, whereas the TGF-beta-induced Nodal expression was evidently inhibited by transfection Smad2 or Smad3 siRNAs. PMID: 24370825
38. Nodal is involved in promoting invasion in multiple cellular context PMID: 23334323
39. Amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSc) seem to express Nodal, Nanog and DAZL and it speculated that the regulation of self-renewal in AFSc could be similar as in human embryonic stem cells. PMID: 24459810
40. Nodal, a member of TGF-b family, inhibited ALDH1 expression via stimulating TGF-b signaling in uterine endometrioid adenocarcinoma. PMID: 24120944
41. antagonism of Nodal and BMP coordinates induction of the myogenic Baf60c variant and interacting transcription factors to program the developmental opening of cardiomyocyte-specific loci in chromatin PMID: 24186978
42. a significant correlation between the NANOG expression and the expression of NODAL, P-SMAD3 or SNAIL, and the combination of NANOG and P-SMAD3 is a potential predictor of poor prognosis of HCC. PMID: 23474366
43. show that Araf antagonizes mesendoderm induction and patterning activity of Nodal/Smad2 signals in vertebrate embryos by directly inhibiting Smad2 signalling PMID: 23591895
44. An unbalanced Nodal/transforming growth factor-beta and miR-376c expression may lead to the development of preeclampsia. PMID: 23424236
45. Nodal supports tumour growth at primary and secondary sites by increasing the ratio of proliferation:apoptosis in breast cancer cells. PMID: 23144858
46. Lefty A may account for the tumor suppressive activity of human liver stem cells as a result of an inhibition of the Nodal-signalling pathway . PMID: 22469982
47. Studies indicate that in wild-type (WT) zebrafish embryos, Nodal pathway genes are expressed in the left side of the pineal anlage. PMID: 23201575
48. results indicate that the expression of Nodal is associated with advanced stage, invasive breast cance; data suggest a potential role for Nodal as biomarker for disease progression and promising target for anti-Nodal therapy in breast cancer PMID: 22577960
49. human testicular tumors showed upregulation of NODAL and CRIPTO that was proportional to invasiveness and to the number of malignant cells. PMID: 23034635
50. Overexpressing Nodal reverses the effect of miR-378a-5p on cell invasion. PMID: 22454525

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HGNC: 7865

OMIM: 270100

KEGG: hsa:4838

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000287139

UniGene: Hs.370414