Recombinant Rat Melanocortin receptor 4 (Mc4r), partial

1. MC3R deficiency caused a reduction of food intake and body weight, whereas at the same time exhibited additive effects on top of MC4R deficiency on lipid and glucose metabolism. PMID: 27713523
2. Thus study demonstrated that Adolescent Alcohol Exposure-Induced Changes in melanocortin 4 receptor. PMID: 28575455
3. results revealed that MC4R activation was able to attenuate oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle induced by diabetes partially through activating the AMPK-SIRT1-PGC-1alpha signaling pathway. PMID: 28409883
4. Although MC4R obese pregnant rats had elevated blood pressure associated with reduced total NOS activity and expression, they had enhanced NOS-mediated attenuation of vasoconstriction, with no evidence of alterations in NOS-mediated regulation of blood pressure. PMID: 27534879
5. MC4R is predominantly expressed in hepatocytes and upregulated during rat liver regeneration after hepatectomy. PMID: 24433867
6. A synthetic peptide corresponding to cytoplasmic loop 1 of MC4R suppresses basal adenylate cyclase activity and basal level of GppNHp binding of heterotrimeric G proteins produced by THIQ and alpha-MSH in synaptosomal membranes of rat brain. PMID: 26593415
7. Results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of MC4 receptor agonists may not be sufficient to prevent tinnitus. PMID: 25977231
8. These results suggest that although hindbrain MC4R activity contributes to appetite and heart rate regulation, it does not play a major role in mediating the elevated blood pressue in spontaneously hypertensive rats. PMID: 25668357
9. Nesfatin-1 suppresses L-type Ca2+ channels via the MC4-R that couples sequentially to the betagamma subunits of Gi/o-protein and the novel PKC theta isoform in adult ventricular myocytes. PMID: 25997563
10. MC4 receptors play a critical role in stress-induced reinstatement of nicotine seeking, but these receptors may not play a role in the dysphoria associated with acute nicotine withdrawal. PMID: 24612112
11. The alpha-MSH-MC4R system in the posterior ventral tegmental area might be a part of the neuroadaptive mechanism underlying ethanol addiction. PMID: 24635847
12. proopiomelanocortin derivatives acting via the central MC4 receptor participate in the resuscitative effects of 8-OH-DPAT PMID: 25371525
13. These data suggest that increases in arterial pressure with chronic hyperandrogenemia in female rats are due, in part, to activation of the sympathetic nervous system, renal nerves, and MC4R. PMID: 25695289
14. These results support the hypothesis that endogenous MC4R signaling contributes to the HPA axis response to stress. PMID: 24636506
15. The data of this study demonstrated that MC4R signaling is not required for weight loss following treatment with an Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. PMID: 23416175
16. We showed that the melanocortin-3/4 receptor antagonist SHU 9119 attenuates the food intake-suppressive effect of aminoprocalcitonin. PMID: 23571710
17. These results indicated that activation of MC4Rs in the right IML elicited tachycardia and one of the sources of melanocortins in the IML is the ARCN. PMID: 23832700
18. our novel findings show that activation of MC4-Rs in the brainstem modulates gastric activity, which may have physiological relevance for food intake and gastric function PMID: 23946387
19. Melanocortin-4 receptor signalling in the medial amygdala mediates the behavioral and endocrine response to stress. PMID: 22176700
20. Results indicate that activation of MC3/4Rs in the paraventricular nucleus increases the sympathetic outflow and blood pressure via the cAMP-protein kinase A pathway. PMID: 22872662
21. Compared with low-activity rats, high-activity rats show enhanced mRNA expression of MCRs in the brain, specifically of MC3R in the paraventricular nucleus, and MC4R and MC5R in the perifornical lateral hypothalamus. PMID: 22643233
22. This research suggests that activation of MC4R in PAG after peripheral nerve injury participates in pain facilitation by regulating the glial activation and inflammatory cytokines secretion. PMID: 22889616
23. Data from heterozygote/homozygote rats for Mc4r mutation suggest that Mc4r has role in development of obesity, but Mc4r does not have a role in weight loss or glucose metabolism/glucose intolerance following bariatric vertical sleeve gastrectomy. PMID: 22535749
24. Long-Evans rats maintained on chow or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 6 weeks. From a total of 19 genes analyzed, seven genes (ETV5, FTO, GNPDA2, KCTD15, TMEM18, MC4R, and SH2B1) were down-regulated in the hypothalamus of HFD compared to chow-fed rats PMID: 21779089
25. GLP-1 and leptin cooperatively reduce feeding at least in part via inhibition of AMPK following binding of alpha-MSH to MC4-R. PMID: 22390932
26. melanocortin 4 receptor activation in astrocytes induces brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression through cyclic AMP-protein kinase A-CAMP response element binding proteins pathway without involving nuclear factor kappa B PMID: 21803120
27. Protein kinase C-lambda gene knockdown modulates hypothalamic glutathione peroxidase, melanocortin receptor and neuropeptide Y gene expression in amphetamine-treated rats. PMID: 20817751
28. Distribution of MC4-R is consistent with the proposed roles of MC4-R-positive neurons and provides further information about the circuitry controlling food intake, energy balance and sexual responses in both males and females. PMID: 20884347
29. data suggest biological role for Mc4r in pancreatic (autonomic) neurons in modulating serum insulin; Mc4r (as well as Mc3r & Mc5r; but not Mc1r) is expressed in pancreas of Zucker rats; Mc4r is expressed in hypothalamus of Zucker rats PMID: 20963574
30. painful neuropathy resulted in the up-regulation of MC4 receptors in the spinal and peripheral nociceptive pathways. This up-regulation of MC4 receptors promotes the pronociceptive action of their endogenous ligands PMID: 20081244
31. Data are consistent with the view that energetic and feeding responses are not controlled by regionally divergent MC3/4Rs and can be elicited from multiple, anatomically distributed MC3/4R populations. PMID: 19854868
32. differential roles for the MC3 and MC4 receptors in TRH release; MC3-R agonism inhibiting and MC4-R agonism stimulating TRH release. PMID: 11963824
33. The distribution of MC4-R mRNA is consistent with the proposed roles of central melanocortin systems in feeding and autonomic regulation. PMID: 12541307
34. stimulation of the MC4-R, but not the MC3-R, significantly elevated PRL levels in the fasted rats PMID: 12675910
35. Activation of melanocortin 4 receptors inhibits fever PMID: 12736185
36. The expression of the MC4-R in cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and integumentary systems supports functional roles for the MC4-R in addition to its roles in appetite, weight control, and regulation of linear growth. PMID: 12959974
37. Independent caudal brainstem Mc3r/Mc4r trigger for sympathetically stimulated elevation in brown adipose tissue UCP-1 gene expression. Melanotan-II induced rise in UCP-1 expression can be mediated by caudal brainstem and spinal cord. PMID: 12960080
38. Anorectic actions of prolactin-releasing peptide are mediated by central CRH receptors but not by melanocortin receptors-3/4. Prolactin-releasing peptide can modify Vo2. PMID: 14512273
39. Melanocortin MC4 receptor mRNA expression in retina and superior colliculus is decreased in superior colliculus after optic nerve transection, but the expression was unchanged or even increased in the retina. PMID: 14660008
40. neither MC4-R nor MC3-R is involved in leptin-stimulated or spontaneous growth hormone secretion, or at least that the level of MC4-R involvement in GH secretion is much lower than that in luteinizing hormone and prolactin release regulation. PMID: 14688446
41. MC4R adaptation in dorsal root ganglia observed in neuropathic rats indicates their important role in presynaptic modulation of activity of the primary afferents in neuropathic pain. PMID: 15026153
42. MC3/4-R antagonism completely blocked the chronic cardiovascular, satiety, and metabolic effects of leptin, suggesting that the hypothalamic melanocortin system plays an important role in mediating these actions of leptin. PMID: 15123576
43. The effects of electrical foot shock stress on the melanocortin signaling cascade and the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system expression in rats of CRF, POMC, and MC4R. PMID: 15585943
44. UCP-1, Mc4R and CART gene expression are increased as an immediate consequence of consuming high energy diet, and may be involved in countering hypercaloric intake. PMID: 15720470
45. alpha-MSH, through central MC4-R can modulate the anxiety-like behavior induced by IL-1beta PMID: 16325304
46. Metabolic and cardiovascular actions of chronic MC3/4-R activation are preserved in diet-induced obesity, supporting potential role for hypothalamic melanocortin system in obesity hypertension. PMID: 16380516
47. Alpha-MSH, through MC4R activation, attenuates LPS/IFN-gamma-induced inflammation by decreasing iNOS and COX-2 expression and prevents LPS/IFN-gamma-induced apoptosis of astrocytes by modulating the expression of proteins of Bcl-2 family. PMID: 17595227
48. melanocortin system contributes to the maintenance of adrenergic tone and elevated arterial pressure in SHR rat even though mRNA levels for POMC and MC4R in the mediobasal hypothalamus were not increased compared to WKY rat PMID: 18285617
49. MC4R signaling leads mainly to presynaptic modulation of glutamatergic synaptic transmission. Melanocortinergic-induced decrease of food intake may occur via enhancement of vagal afferent satiation signals from gastrointestinal tract. PMID: 18463249
50. Adeno-associated virus-mediated silencing of MC4R on paraventricular nucleus promotes hyperphagia and obesity in response to the dietary challenge in the adult animal. PMID: 18492813

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KEGG: rno:25635

STRING: 10116.ENSRNOP00000025223

UniGene: Rn.10620