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  4. Recombinant Human Perforin-1 (PRF1)

Recombinant Human Perforin-1 (PRF1)

  • 中文名称：
    人PRF1重组蛋白
  • 货号：
    CSB-YP018668HU
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    Yeast
  • 其他：
  • 中文名称：
    人PRF1重组蛋白
  • 货号：
    CSB-EP018668HU-B
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    E.coli
  • 共轭：
    Avi-tag Biotinylated

    E. coli biotin ligase (BirA) is highly specific in covalently attaching biotin to the 15 amino acid AviTag peptide. This recombinant protein was biotinylated in vivo by AviTag-BirA technology, which method is BriA catalyzes amide linkage between the biotin and the specific lysine of the AviTag.

  • 其他：
  • 中文名称：
    人PRF1重组蛋白
  • 货号：
    CSB-MP018668HU
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    Mammalian cell
  • 其他：

产品详情

  • 纯度：
    >85% (SDS-PAGE)
  • 基因名：
  • Uniprot No.：
  • 别名：
    Cytolysin; FLH2; HPLH2; Lymphocyte pore-forming protein; P1; PERF_HUMAN; perforin 1 (pore forming protein); Perforin 1; Perforin-1; PFP; PGFL; PIGF; PIGF-2; PLGF; Pore forming protein; prf1; SHGC-10760
  • 种属：
    Homo sapiens (Human)
  • 蛋白长度：
    Full Length of Mature Protein
  • 表达区域：
    22-555
  • 氨基酸序列
    PCHTAARSE CKRSHKFVPG AWLAGEGVDV TSLRRSGSFP VDTQRFLRPD GTCTLCENAL QEGTLQRLPL ALTNWRAQGS GCQRHVTRAK VSSTEAVARD AARSIRNDWK VGLDVTPKPT SNVHVSVAGS HSQAANFAAQ KTHQDQYSFS TDTVECRFYS FHVVHTPPLH PDFKRALGDL PHHFNASTQP AYLRLISNYG THFIRAVELG GRISALTALR TCELALEGLT DNEVEDCLTV EAQVNIGIHG SISAEAKACE EKKKKHKMTA SFHQTYRERH SEVVGGHHTS INDLLFGIQA GPEQYSAWVN SLPGSPGLVD YTLEPLHVLL DSQDPRREAL RRALSQYLTD RARWRDCSRP CPPGRQKSPR DPCQCVCHGS AVTTQDCCPR QRGLAQLEVT FIQAWGLWGD WFTATDAYVK LFFGGQELRT STVWDNNNPI WSVRLDFGDV LLATGGPLRL QVWDQDSGRD DDLLGTCDQA PKSGSHEVRC NLNHGHLKFR YHARCLPHLG GGTCLDYVPQ MLLGEPPGNR SGAVW
  • 蛋白标签：
    Tag type will be determined during the manufacturing process.
    The tag type will be determined during production process. If you have specified tag type, please tell us and we will develop the specified tag preferentially.
  • 产品提供形式：
    Lyophilized powder
    Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.
  • 复溶：
    We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
  • 储存条件：
    Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 保质期：
    The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
    Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
  • 货期：
    Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
    Note: All of our proteins are default shipped with normal blue ice packs, if you request to ship with dry ice, please communicate with us in advance and extra fees will be charged.
  • 注意事项：
    Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
  • Datasheet ：
    Please contact us to get it.

产品评价

靶点详情

  • 功能：
    Pore-forming protein that plays a key role in secretory granule-dependent cell death, and in defense against virus-infected or neoplastic cells. Plays an important role in killing other cells that are recognized as non-self by the immune system, e.g. in transplant rejection or some forms of autoimmune disease. Can insert into the membrane of target cells in its calcium-bound form, oligomerize and form large pores. Promotes cytolysis and apoptosis of target cells by facilitating the uptake of cytotoxic granzymes.
  • 基因功能参考文献：
    1. Perforin binds to membranes and undergoes substantial structural re-arrangement to form pores that enable diffusion of granzyme into the target cell [Review]. PMID: 28757431
    2. findings show that N-linked glycosylation of the perforin C-terminus at Asn549 within the endoplasmic reticulum inhibits oligomerisation of perforin monomers and protects the host cell from premature pore formation; studies reveal a post-translational regulatory mechanism essential for maintaining perforin in an inactive state until its secretion from the inhibitory acidic environment of the secretory granule PMID: 28808112
    3. Study focuses on the role of perforin in both protecting and promoting human disease. It concludes with a novel hypothesis that diversity observed in the PRF1 gene may be an example of selective advantage that protects an individual from perforin-mediated pathology, such as blood-brain barrier disruption. [review] PMID: 28757574
    4. Our studies suggest that although moderate levels of expression can result in partial amelioration of the hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)phenotype, high levels of perforin expression per cell are required for complete correction of HLH. PMID: 27471778
    5. Findings support an association between childhood DNA methylation patterns in PRF1 and a record of severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infancy. PMID: 28253869
    6. our data provide the first evidence of a strict link between the absence of CD28 and the expression of perforin, which is likewise enhanced by the expression of NKG2D, within selected CD4(+) T cells from cervical cancer patients. PMID: 28087292
    7. A girl with neurological manifestations of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 2 had reduced perforin 1 expression and was found to be homozygous for a mutation in PRF1 at codon 637 in exon 3 (c.673C>T p.Arg225Trp). Her non-consanguineous parents were both heterozygous carriers of this mutation. PMID: 27271812
    8. Mutation in PRF1 gene is associated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. PMID: 27781387
    9. Increased TIM3+CD8+T cells with lower perforin and granzyme B expression and higher CD95 expression in MDS patients were observed. PMID: 27846431
    10. ITP patients displayed an increased frequency of rare missense variations of the PRF1 gene PMID: 27391055
    11. The decreased expression of perforin in circulating CD3+CD8+ positive T cells is an important biomarker of damaged antitumor immunity in advanced lung cancer. PMID: 26586704
    12. Letter/Case Report: recurrent episodes of macrophage activation syndrome in peripheral spondyloarthritis with monoallelic missense mutations in PRF1. PMID: 26752080
    13. A new heterozygous mutation (c.916G>A and c.65delC) was identified as familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 2 causing defect. PMID: 26739415
    14. mutations result in severe chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease PMID: 25947952
    15. mutations result in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis PMID: 25975970
    16. PRF delivers granulysin and granzymes into parasite infected cells to kill the parasite. PMID: 26752517
    17. Among SLAMF4+ cells, the T cell fraction positive for perforin and granzyme B was higher in those obtained from healthy donors compared to SLE patients. PMID: 26314831
    18. elevated in the inflammatory lesions of placentas with villitis of unknown etiology PMID: 25725937
    19. monoallelic mutations of PRF1 decrease NK-cell cytotoxicity should be considered in individuals presenting with the manifestations of immune deficiency states that impinge on NK-cell cytotoxicity. PMID: 25776844
    20. Calcific aortic valve disease is characterized by increased expression of granzymes and perforin. PMID: 26897841
    21. linking PRF1 missense mutations to lymphoma susceptibility and highlighting clinical variability within families. PRF1 mutations should, therefore, be considered as a cause of several diseases disparate to HLH. PMID: 26184781
    22. identified among the key genes in circulating monocytes that were altered by exercise PMID: 26207425
    23. PRF1 mutations are associated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. PMID: 26450956
    24. There is no association between gene polymorphisms of PRF1 gene and the susceptibility to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis PMID: 26182270
    25. A wide heterogeneity was observed in the nature of perforin gene mutations in familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis patients in India. PMID: 25577959
    26. Synthetic consensus HIV-1 DNA induces potent cellular immune responses and synthesis of granzyme B, perforin in HIV infected individuals. PMID: 25531694
    27. analysis of the differential expression by sex of perforin in relapsed multiple sclerosis in CD4+ regulatory T cells PMID: 22837658
    28. The entire coding region of PRF1 was sequenced in 94 patients and 158 controls; missense variations leading to amino acid substitutions and one nonsense variation resulting in a premature stop codon found, data suggest that PRF1 variations may influence chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy development and course PMID: 25354579
    29. PFN appears to form arc structures on target membranes that serve as minimally disrupting conduits for GzmB translocation. PMID: 25146929
    30. Perforin expression in CD4+ and CD8+ cells is a prognostic biomarker for head and neck cancer patient survival. PMID: 25344268
    31. Defining the interaction of perforin with calcium and the phospholipid membrane. PMID: 24070258
    32. findings suggest that the g.272C>T PRF1 gene single-nucleotide variation in combination with other gene alterations could increase the risk of developing nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma, at least in a subgroup of the Spanish population PMID: 24632576
    33. This study shows variety of clinical manifestations of perforin deficiency and although the onset of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is delayed in these patients. PMID: 24390453
    34. our data indicate that the co-expression of perforin and granzyme B genes exhibits anticancer potential PMID: 24696715
    35. miR-150 is a common post-transcriptional regulator for Prf1 in mouse and human NK cells that represses NK cell lytic activity. PMID: 24698324
    36. Synergistic defects of different molecules in the cytotoxic pathway lead to clinical familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. PMID: 24916509
    37. PRF1 is overexpressed in systemic lupus erythematosus CD4+ T cells, but expression is not linked to the typical clinical and serological parameters associated with the disease. PMID: 24238281
    38. These data show that monoallelic germline mutations of PRF1 are frequent in patients with childhood anaplastic large cell lymphoma, suggesting that partially impaired cytotoxic machinery may represent a predisposing factor for it. PMID: 24309606
    39. Exome sequencing identified a biallelic perforin1 mutation (PRF1; p.R225W) previously associated with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. PMID: 23443029
    40. Data suggest that acidic pH microenvironment of natural killer (NK) cells enhances Cryptococcus-induced perforin degranulation suggesting that perforin degranulation is involved in the greater immunologic cytotoxic activity of NK cells in acidic pH. PMID: 23853583
    41. The increased percentage of CD3(-)CD56(dim) NK cells expressing perforin in patients affected by the progressive forms of MS suggests a possible role of this NK cell subpopulation in the pathogenesis of the disease. PMID: 24157130
    42. Perforin I polymorphism is associated with graft rejection in kidney transplant recipients. PMID: 23528102
    43. Missense mutations of Perforin codon His222 may lead to intrauterine presentation of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis PMID: 23073042
    44. Calculated stability (free energy) changes show that the mutations mainly destabilize the protein structure, interestingly however, A91V polymorphism, leads to a more stable one. PMID: 23592409
    45. The mRNA and protein expression of perforin significantly increases in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells treated with 5-azaC, which is associated with DNA hypomethylation of perforin promoter in T cells. PMID: 17213580
    46. This study defines the final sequence of events controlling cytotoxic lymphocyte immune defense, in which perforin pores assemble on the target cell plasma membrane, ensuring efficient delivery of lethal granzymes. PMID: 23377437
    47. Chlamydia trachomatis-infected tissues have significantly higher numbers of CD3 and CD8 T cells compared to non-infected tissues (p<0.01), and that the majority of CD8+ cells do not express perforin in situ. PMID: 23216954
    48. FCgammaR3A and PRF1 may participate in the pathogenesis and progression of primary biliary cirrhosis. PMID: 23179144
    49. Distinct severity of HLH in both human and murine mutants with complete loss of cytotoxic effector PRF1, RAB27A, and STX11. PMID: 23160464
    50. study identified a common PRF1 haplotype in unrelated families with atypical presentation of Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 2 in Colombia PMID: 22437823

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  • 相关疾病：
    Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 2 (FHL2)
  • 亚细胞定位：
    Cytolytic granule. Secreted. Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Endosome lumen.
  • 蛋白家族：
    Complement C6/C7/C8/C9 family
  • 数据库链接：

    HGNC: 9360

    OMIM: 170280

    KEGG: hsa:5551

    STRING: 9606.ENSP00000316746

    UniGene: Hs.2200